Bacterial transmission Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Bacterial transmission - Thesis Example Respiratory microbes are for the most part scattered noticeable all around through beads of salivation and mucous delivered when one hacks, sniffles, talks or giggles (Shrutz, 2003). As indicated by Rutala et al. (2006), the microorganisms, which are openly present in the air, can as a rule be apparent on PC consoles. For this situation, their source is probably going to be from human disease. As per Ellis (2006), German scientists assessed the capacity of transmittable life forms to blossom with non-living surfaces. They understood that microscopic organisms that are gram-positive can flourish with dry surfaces for quite a while, with the consideration of vancomycin safe enterococcus (VRE), methicillin safe Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), just as Streptococcus pyogenes. The examination further demonstrated that microorganisms that are gram-negative microbes flourish longer than the gram-positive ones. Kramer et al. (2006) expressed that, a ton of the nosocomial pathogens could make due on surfaces for a considerable length of time. Further, regarding the emergency clinic condition, nasocomial pathogens are found to essentially taint the contact territories of hand s (Ellis, 2006). These go about as the mode for cross-transmission. This unmistakably shows the presentation of a consistent transmission source if no standard measures for sterilization are taken. 1.1. Statement of the issue ... Be it in medical clinics or some other open or private office, the PC console is being utilized each day to proficiently make administration conveyance increasingly successful. Consoles have been demonstrated by specialists to be appropriate fomites for microscopic organisms to development and flourish (Bergstrom, 2012; Hartman, 2004). This is because of the significant level of contact expanding defilement, just as their condition supporting the development and advancement of the organisms. As per Anderson and Palombo (2009), investigate from Swisburne University innovation in Australia demonstrated that consoles utilized by numerous individuals will in general be more defiled by microbes than individual ones. Moreover, inquire about by the University of Arizona as refered to in Miller et al (2010) expressed that a normal PC has multiple times a bigger number of microscopic organisms than the normal can situate. This obviously shows how consoles utilized in emergency clinics expect measures to counter the impacts of the pathogens by means of key and maintainable 1.1. Foundation data This study evaluated the nearness of nosocomial pathogens and their protection from drugs. Various examinations late past have been started as to the pretended by the social insurance condition in the transmission of ailments (Kramer et al, 2006). A reason behind the transmission has been credited to the lifeless surfaces that have been obviously portrayed as complete hotspots for episodes of nosocomial contaminations (Kramer et al, 2006). As per Rutala et al (2006), Enterococcus species are among the different microbes that have been demonstrated to be found in the human services condition. It has been viewed as less plausible for a patient to get a Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI) legitimately from a lifeless

Body Ritual Among the Nacirema

The â€Å"Body Ritual Among the Nacirema† by Horace Miner, is an article that inspects the different customs that shows inside industrialized social orders, explicitly referencing to the United States. In the article Miner kidded about the attack of security and the fixation of getting eternal. Digger gives remarkable proof that the attributes or a disposition of the human body impacts an assortment of organizations in the Nacirema society. All through the article Miner gives an understanding viewpoint how Americans do comparative ceremonies in an alternate perspective. One watchword that was accentuated in the article that various occasions was â€Å"ritual† and how it changed the manner in which we lives. It obviously specifies how our general public sees that thought and whether we act decidedly or contrarily to it. Excavator actualizes a superb engraving on the perusers thought as how different social orders may see our own. Subsequent to perusing the article, I concur with numerous thoughts Miner made about society in view of nation uses overstated self-perception and abuse the possibility of preventive medication. The regular propensity of the human body and brain has consistently started an incredible discussion. For instance, were people brought into the world with great or an awful goal is a continuous discussion. Astoundingly, these convictions are likewise reflected inside a general public or societies even today. A gathering called Nacirema, situated in North America, accepted that the human body is monstrous and is inclined to â€Å"natural tendency† which was debility and sickness. Following this â€Å"natural tendency†, the â€Å"holy mouth man† utilized mystical instruments and bored them into the gaps of cavities made by tooth rot. Despite the fact that this training was accepted to fix the issue it just strengthened the contamination in the tooth. Likewise there was a medication man that treated wiped out patients which at last leaves them in a state where they can never be relieved. These practices were acted in Nacirema, which indicated their confidence towards the regular law of people. As opposed to the Nacriema’s culture, our advanced society has to some degree distinctive way to deal with this â€Å"natural tendency†. As a rule, it is definitely that all people will age which implies they are progressively helpless to getting sick. In this manner, the â€Å"natural tendency† in our cutting edge society doesn't vary much from the Nacirema culture. However, our cutting edge society appears to object the characteristic propensity. Individuals attempt to look progressively young by applying beauty care products, treat sicknesses and immunizations shots consistently. In today’s society the customs of the Nacirema may appear to be remorseless and obtuse. Anyway the Nacriema culture can be portrayed as following the common propensity, which is the law of the universe. In this manner, in light of the investigation of the two particular points of view toward our way to deal with nature, it tends to be realized that social relativism is required when taking a gander at various societies. Miner’s amusing article, â€Å"Body Ritual Among the Nacirema† is an engaging social critique can be contended to be ethnocentric. Digger purposely picks the American culture as a result of their social practices (the utilization of beautifying agents and cleanliness items). One would hope to hear the act of our general public is innovatively crude and ancestral. Excavator brings out this methodology of intuition to the peruser by endeavoring to accidentally utilize our social biases against our own traditions. Eventually I trust Miner accomplished his objective to drive perusers to accept that idea. Likewise to each other culture, Americans have a lot of untouchable practices that when seen dispassionately they show up outlandish and at times crazy. After arriving at his disclosure, Miner says, â€Å"we should see the customs of different societies with an improved comprehension. † However, I figure it is absurd to accept that we can ever totally dispense with ourselves of every single social inclination or ethnocentricity. Every individual will consistently see life at their own perspective. Maybe this is the thing that Miner was attempting pass on to us. Perhaps he needed us to see our way of life and decide how we would be seen in different societies. The thought sparks extraordinary discussion for the individuals who lead scholarly or logical research. Regardless, they are in principle responsible to introduce their own discoveries without infusing their own sentiments, yet then again this a totally ridiculous desire. Attempt as they may, as I referenced prior; individuals will see things distinctively through there own eyes and any convictions that goes with their thought. Taking everything into account, I felt a piece disheartened while perusing, â€Å"Body Ritual Among the Nacirema† on the grounds that there are many individuals who stress so hard on appearance, instead of living as unassuming and hopefully as could be expected under the circumstances. Truth be told, the entire article caused the United States to appear to be somewhat sickening ethically. On the off chance that I could imagine that Nacirema was a culture outside of our nation, I could never visit that nation on account of the cruel pundits and decisions I would need to suffer continually. Paltry decisions like what you look like, the manner in which you dress and how much riches you create. In general I’ve took in a great deal and I didn’t know anything about the Nacirema certainly an article everybody should peruse.

Self-Help Strategies for Depressed Teens

Self-Help Strategies for Depressed Teens Depression Childhood Depression Print Self-Help Strategies for Depressed Teens Ways to Empower Your Teen to Feel Better By Kathryn Rudlin, LCSW Updated on January 08, 2020 Echo / Getty Images More in Depression Childhood Depression Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Suicide A comprehensive approach to helping depressed teens combines  professional therapy  and/or medication with self-help strategies. These self-help strategies can help to shift negative patterns and provide your teen with tools they can implement and explore on their own. Exercise Often Movement helps combat  depression  in a variety of ways, including releasing feel-good chemicals into the brain. Participating in physical activity may help improve your teens mood, and any type of movement can make a difference, whether it’s walking the dog, dancing in the shower or skateboarding. Exercise also increases body temperature, which may produce a feeling of calmness, and help take your teens mind off of their troubles.   How Physical Exercise Benefits Mental Health Pay Attention to Nutrition Food fuels the body and the mind. Some foods tend to make  depression  worse and some may make it better. A study published in the journal  Public Health Nutrition  showed that people who habitually ate commercially baked goods and fast food were 51% more likely to develop depression than those who ate little or none.?? For teens who thrive on junk food, adding more nutritious foods to their diet often makes a big difference in how they feel. If you need more information about how to implement a healthier diet, schedule a session with a nutritionist who works with teens, or search for related information in books and online. 7 Foods That Improve Mood and Fight Depression Socialize and Find Support Isolation leads to loneliness, which may lead to increased feelings of depression. Unfortunately, a common symptom of depression in teens is social withdrawal. What often helps is to socialize and stay connected with others. A teen struggling with depression may need peers who will listen and lend their support. Sometimes other depressed teens are in the best position to do this, so consider an online support group specifically for depressed teens.   Just be cautious of too much time spent online. A 2019 study published in the journal of JAMA Pediatrics  found that for every additional hour young people spend on social media or watching television, the severity of depressive symptoms they experience rises.?? How Social Support Contributes to Mental Health Vent Feelings Pent-up feelings and emotions sometimes need to be discharged in healthy ways in order to combat depression. The process of doing so can also help identify some of the negative feelings that often go along with depression. Keep in mind, however, that if this becomes a habit it can ultimately lead to  rumination, which can produce a more depressed, unhappy mood. Healthy ways of venting may include activities such as hitting a punching bag,  journaling, singing along to music, or creating art. Focus on Sleep Patterns Sleep often plays a role in how a teen feels physically and emotionally. Track your teens sleep patterns for a few days to get more information. The ideal amount of sleep for teens is usually eight hours or more each nightâ€"yet only 15% of teens report getting 81/2 hours of sleep on school nights, according to the National Sleep Foundation. In cases where more, or less, sleep is needed, learn about the factors that impact sleep and consult a health professional if needed. Dont Use Drugs When a teen doesn’t like how they feel or act, sometimes they experiment with drugs, including caffeine, in an effort to  cope with their feelings. In most cases, your teen doesn’t realize theyre self-medicating;  theyre just looking for ways to try to feel better. Teens who turn to alcohol and drugs usually make a bad situation worse.   A report from the White House Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP), revealed that marijuana use among teens can worsen depression and lead to serious mental disorders like schizophrenia, anxiety, and even suicide. Have Fun Experiencing joy and happiness in life is important. When  depression  gets in the way, efforts to focus on fun can make a difference. Try to get your teen to participate in activities that bring a sense of pleasure. Start by having them jot down a list of anything that is fun, silly, or creates a moment of  joy, then try to include one of these in each day’s activities. Self-Help Strategies Support Professional Treatment Self-help strategies are not intended to replace professional treatment and are best utilized as  tools to supplement therapy and/or medication  by decreasing symptoms and empowering teens to feel better and more in control of their lives. Helping your teen implement these strategies will give you a supportive role in your teens life too. A Word From Verywell If you haven’t already, make it a priority to set up an appointment for your teen with an adolescent therapist. Mental health issues are usually very treatable, especially when there’s emotional support from a mental health professional as well as the teens family.   How to Help a Depressed Teen

Chemistry Science Fair Project Ideas

The best chemistry science fair project is one that answers a question or solves a problem. It can be challenging to come up  with a project idea, but looking at a list of chemistry projects other people have done may stimulate a similar idea for you. Or, you can take an idea and think of a new approach to the problem or question. Tips for Finding a Good Idea for Your Chemistry Project Write out your project idea in the form of a hypothesis as per the scientific method. If you can, come up with five to 10 hypothesis statements and work with the one that makes the most sense.Keep in mind how much time you have to complete the project, so dont select a science project that takes months to complete if you only have a few weeks. Remember, it takes time to analyze data and prepare your report. Its also possible that your experiment wont work out as planned, which would require you to develop an alternative project. A good rule of thumb is to choose an idea that takes less than half the total time you have.Dont discount an idea just because it doesnt seem to fit your educational level. Many projects can be made simpler or more complex to fit your level.Keep your budget and materials in mind. Great science doesnt have to cost a lot. Also, some materials might not be readily available where you live.Consider the season. For example, while a crystal-growing project might wo rk well under dry winter conditions, it might be hard to get crystals to grow during a humid rainy season. And a project involving seed germination may work better in the spring and summer (when seeds are fresh and sunlight is favorable) than in late autumn or winter.Dont be afraid to ask for help. Parents, teachers, and other students can help you fine-tune a science fair project idea.Follow rules and regulations. If you arent allowed to use live animals, dont choose an animal project. If you wont have access to electricity, dont pick a project that requires an outlet. A bit of planning can save you from disappointment. Examples of Good Chemistry Project Ideas The following is a list of interesting, inexpensive science fair project ideas. Consider the different scientific approaches you can take to answer each question. Can you use a  black light  to detect invisible spills or smelly stains in carpeting or elsewhere in the house? Can you predict what types of materials will  glow under a black light?Will  chilling  an onion before cutting it  keep you from crying?Does catnip repel cockroaches  better than DEET?What ratio of vinegar to  baking soda  produces the best  chemical volcano  eruption?What fabric fiber results in the brightest tie-dye?What type of plastic wrap prevents evaporation the best?What plastic wrap prevents oxidation the best?Which brand of diaper absorbs the most liquid?What percentage of an orange is water?Are night insects attracted to lamps because of heat or light?Can you make Jello using fresh pineapples instead  of canned pineapples?Do white candles burn at a different rate than colored candles?Does the presence of detergent in water affect plant growth?What type of car antifreeze is safest for the environment?Do different brands of orange juice conta in different  levels of vitamin C?Does the level of vitamin C in orange juice change over time?Does the level of vitamin C in orange juice change after the container is opened?Can a saturated solution of sodium chloride still dissolve Epsom salts?How effective are  natural mosquito repellents?Does magnetism affect the growth of plants?Do oranges gain or lose  vitamin C  after being picked?How does the shape of an ice cube affect how quickly it melts?How does sugar concentration vary in different brands of apple juices?Does storage temperature affect the pH of juice?Does the presence of cigarette smoke affect the growth rate of plants?Do different brands of popcorn leave different amounts of unpopped kernels?How do differences in surfaces affect the adhesion of tape? Chemistry Science Fair Project Ideas by Topic You can also brainstorm for your project by looking into topics that interest you. Click on the links to find project ideas based on subject matter. Acids, Bases, and pH: These are chemistry projects relating to acidity and alkalinity, mostly aimed at the middle school and high school levels.Caffeine: Are coffee or tea your thing? These projects relate mostly to experiments with caffeinated beverages, including energy drinks.Crystals: Crystals can be considered geology, physical science, or chemistry. Topics range in level from grade school to college.Environmental Science: Environmental science projects cover ecology, assessing environmental health and finding ways to solve relevant problems.Fire, Candles, and Combustion: Explore combustion science. Because fire is involved, these projects are best for higher grade levels.Food and Cooking Chemistry: There is a lot of science involving food. Plus, its a research subject everyone can access.Green Chemistry: Green chemistry seeks to minimize the environmental impact of chemistry. Its a good topic for middle and high school students.Household Project Testing: Researching household p roducts is accessible and easily relatable, making it an interesting science fair topic for students who might not ordinarily enjoy science.Magnets and Magnetism: Explore magnetism and compare different types of magnets.Materials: Materials science can relate to engineering, geology, or chemistry. There are even biological materials that can be used for projects.Plant and Soil Chemistry: Plant and soil science projects often require a bit more time than other projects, but all students have access to the materials.Plastics and Polymers: Plastics and polymers arent as complicated and confusing as you might think. These projects may be considered a branch of chemistry.Pollution: Explore sources of pollution and different ways to prevent or control it.Salt and Sugar: Salt and sugar are two ingredients anyone should be able to find, and there are many ways to explore these common household items.Sports Physics and Chemistry: Sports science projects may be attractive to students who dont see how science relates to everyday life. These projects may be of particular interest to athletes. Science Fair Projects  by Grade Level For level-specific project ideas, this list of resources is broken down by grade. Quick Look at Project Ideas by Educational LevelElementary School Science Fair ProjectsMiddle School Science Fair ProjectsHigh School Science Fair ProjectsCollege Science Fair ProjectsTenth Grade Science Fair ProjectsNinth Grade Science Fair ProjectsEighth Grade Science Fair ProjectsSeventh Grade Science Fair ProjectsSixth Grade Science Fair ProjectsFifth Grade Science Fair ProjectsFourth Grade Science Fair ProjectsThird Grade Science Fair Projects

Introduction. According To The Nasw Code Of Ethics For

Introduction According to the NASW Code of Ethics for licensed Social Workers, Social Work is clarified as the attention to environmental forces, which creates, contributes, and addresses problems in living, among individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities, with a goal of reducing discrimination, oppression, poverty, and other forms of social injustice (NASW, 2008). It is discomforting to think of a world alleviated from the security upheld by the profession of Social Work, with it being an increasingly demanding role that has erupted far beyond its former reputation, and becoming nearly equivalent to the importance to a society functioning without the protection of law enforcement. Abramovitz (1998) discusses his†¦show more content†¦Resulting in systems, transactional, person-in-situation, empowerment, and other practice theories emphasize the relationship between social conditions and the quality of life for individuals, families, groups, organizations, and communities. The history of the profession suggests that social workers direct social work to individual growth, causing social change, which has proposed a more ethical option than practicing nonpolitical social work. (1998, p.512-526) Social Work is an occupation that once was assumed in a negative view to the uneducated and misinformed, as being â€Å"baby snatchers,† yet over time; the role has established its status, displaying significance, and competence, by advocating for individuals, children, families, and groups. It is clear that this profession is highly qualified when addressing the needs of adults and children, and social problems that arise, by offering qualities that generate from a magnitude of Social Work values, principles, and standards. The level of impact imposed by Social Workers is significantly greater than what was once given credit for, while at the same time, it has become a common occupation. The role particularly displays as an essential in school systems throughout childhood education. Occupational statistics, in accordance to 21-1021 Child, Family, and School Social Workers indicate that Social Workers provide services and assistance, to improve the social and psychological functioning of childrenShow MoreRelatedSocial Work Values And Ethics1441 Words   |  6 PagesValues and Ethics 1 Social Work Values and Ethics Unique to the Profession Jessica A. Rosario Arizona State University Social Work Values and Ethics 2 Abstract The history and evolution of social work dates to the late 1800’s. Since the profession was recognized many concerns arose regarding the values and ethics of social workers. The key points of the NASW Code of Ethics, the CSWERead MoreThe Examination Of Children s Psychotherapeutic Usual Care1223 Words   |  5 Pagesto determine the result of the mediation and evaluate the efficiency (Parrish, 2010). This five step process allows the Practitioner to empower the client, who may be vulnerable and oppressed, in every possible way which is the introduction to the NASW Code of Ethics (NASW, 2008). Research is a crucial when differentiating and making the decision about which course of treatment should be used when dealing with a client. Evidence Based Practice conveys that it isn t the only relevant aspect in makingRead MoreSocial Worker s Style Of Counseling774 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction In this response to case study, I will analyze the social worker’s style of counseling by examining his goal that he set for a mother of two who is addicted to drugs and was having sex for drugs. I will scrutinize the goal of enhancement of the morality of client by using the code of ethics to identify the ethical issues involved in the case study. I will discuss my understanding of what the role of a social worker entitles. 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Social Workers are guided in their practice by utilizing resources like the NASW Code of Ethics, CSWE, and HIPAA to ensure that they are in compliance with the Social Work professionalRead MoreEssay on Elder Abuse and Mistreatment1777 Words   |  8 PagesElder Abuse and Mistreatment Introduction Elder abuse and mistreatment is a many-sided social problem in the modern society, as it touches such spheres as health care, social services rendering, socio-economic protection and observance of human rights. The elderly are the most vulnerable social group due to their age, low capacity for work and competitiveness on the labor market or serious illnesses. During the previous century level of their social protection has been increasingRead MoreSocial Work Practice Guidelines Are Outlined By The Nasw1327 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Work practice guidelines are outlined by the NASW Code of Ethics, CSWE Educational Policy and Standards, and HIPPA. 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I will identify the issuesRead MoreUnderstanding The Mission And Values Of The Profession Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Historically social work has been a field aimed at helping improve quality of living for all people. Understanding the mission and values of the profession enables social workers to empathize with the groups and individuals they aim to help. Professional social workers must be able to understand situations from multiple perspectives to make the best informed decisions. #1 A: Social Work Definition and Value Assumptions Social work can be defined as a broad profession, with the sole

Bullying Prevention Free Essays

I. Topic: Bullying Among Adolescents and Preteens II. Introduction A. We will write a custom essay sample on Bullying Prevention or any similar topic only for you Order Now On October 7, 2003, Ryan Halligan, a 13-year-old boy from Essex Junction, Vermont, committed suicide. B. Bullying, nowadays, is a serious problem at school. C. This paper will present recent information on bullying among teenagers and preteenagers, with reference to types, roles, impacts and actions. III. Types of Bullying D. Ways of Bullying 1. Verbal Bullying 2. Social Exclusion 3. Physical Bullying 4. Cyber Bullying E. Reasons for Bullying 5. Racial Bullying 6. Religious Bullying 7. Sexual Bullying 8. Disability Bullying IV. Roles in Bullying F. Bullies . Bullying Leader 10. Followers or Henchmen 11. Supporters or Passive Bullies 12. Passive Supporters or Possible Bullies G. Bystanders H. Defenders 13. Possible Defenders 14. Defenders V. Impact of Bullying I. Students Who are Bullied J. Students Who are Bully K. Observers of Bullying L. School with Bullying Issues VI. Solutions M. Students N. Parents O. School VII. Conclusion P. Bullying among teenagers and preteenagers is an una voidable problem which may lead its victims to committed suicide. Q. The study of the types of bullying, roles of bullying and impacts of bullying help students, parents and school to stop bullying. R. I feel sorry about the students who are bullied; however, I think they can change this situation with the help of other students, their parents and school. Bingguang Feng 33B MW 4:40 04/11/2012 Bullying Among Adolescents and Preteens Bullying, nowadays, is a serious problem at schools. It affects deeply the mentalities and health of teenagers and preteenagers who get into trouble easily. Bullying is defined as â€Å"a person is bullied when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the part of one or more other persons, and he or she has difficulty defending himself or herself. According to the 2009 Your Risk Behavior Surveillance System(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), up to 20% of high school students were bullied in United States. The 2008-2009 School Crime Supplement shows that 28% of students in grade 6-12 were victims of bullying in the United States. This paper will present recent information on bullying among teenagers and perteena gers, with reference to types, roles, impacts and actions. Bullying Among Adolescents and Preteens On October 7, 2003, Ryan Halligan, a 13-year-old boy from Essex Junction, Vermont, committed suicide. As Ryan’s father said, he was a gentle, humorous and sensitive boy. He had great time at school until he started fifth grade. His classmates began laughing at him because of his studying problems and physical weakness. His parents tried their best to help him get over those problems. However, the bullying problems never left him alone. During the summer of 2003, Ryan was commented aggressively that he was gay, and he was cheated by his on-line girlfriend. Finally, he could not stand this situation and made the worst decision, suicide (â€Å"If We Only Knew† 1/3). Ryan is not the first victim of bullying and would not be the last one. Bullying, nowadays, is a serious problem at school. Bullying is defined as â€Å"a person is bullied when he or she is exposed, repeatedly and over time, to negative actions on the part of one or more other persons, and he or she has difficulty defending himself or herself. † Because of bullying, more and more students are afraid to go to school. According to the 2009 Your Risk Behavior Surveillance System(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), up to 20% of high school students were bullied in United States. The 2008-2009 School Crime Supplement shows that 28% of students in grade 6-12 were victims of bullying in the United States (â€Å"Bullying Definition† 1/2). This paper will present recent information on bullying among teenagers and preteenagers, with reference to types, roles, impacts and actions. First of all, bullying can be classified by the ways of bullying or the reasons for bullying. Bullying is further categorized as verbal bullying, social bullying, physical bullying and cyber bullying by the ways of bullying. Verbal bullying is an aggressive behavior through derogatory languages. It includes bad-name-calling, ridicule, slanderous comments and bruiting deceitful rumors. Social bullying is a provocative social action used by people who bully others. It includes social separation, ignoring someone and setting others up to look stupid. Physical bullying is an obvious aggressive action used to force someone to do something he or she unwilling to do. It includes kicking, hitting, spitting, shoving and stealing others’ money or damaging someone’s belongings. Cyber bullying is also known as electronic bullying. It can be verbal or visual. Provocative calls, annoying messages or emails, threatening internet site, or showing someone horrible pictures or videos is considered as cyber bullying (â€Å"What is Bullying? † 1/3). Tyler Clementi, an eighteen- year-old university student from Piscataway, New Jersey, jumped from the George Washington Bridge because his roommate who used webcam to view he was kissing another man and posted the video on the Internet without letting him know (Allen 2/4). It is estimated that more than 33% of young student have experienced cyber threats online (â€Å"Cyber Bullying Statistic†). Despite the ways of bullying, bullying is classified into racial bullying, religious bullying, sexual bullying and disability bullying by the reasons for bullying. Racial bullying is also called ethnic bullying. It is an aggressive behavior that some people treating someone badly because he or she does not have the same racial cultures or background as the people who bully do. Making fun with someone’s racial culture, calling their racist names, or commenting their racial backgrounds badly belongs to racial bullying. Religious bullying is very similar to racial bullying. Someone is bullied because his or her religious belief or background is different or special. Bullying through telling something unfavorable about a religious belief or background, abusing someone base on his or her religious belief or background, or laughing at someone because of his or her religious belief or background is religious bullying. Not only race and religion, but also sex is another reason for bullying. Sexual bullying is a bullying behavior that using people’s sexuality or gender as a weapon by males or females to hurt other males or females. It can be physical or non-physical. Sexual bullying includes treating someone badly because of his or her gender, playing jokes or making rough comment about someone’s sexual behavior, or saying someone a homosexuality. Johnny Cagno, a middle-school student in Rhode Island, had experienced sexual bullying for a long time. His classmates kept saying that he was gay because his hobby is different. As Johnny’s mother said â€Å"I felt like everyday I was sending him off to war† (â€Å"Bullying: Words Can Kill†). The last reason for bullying is disability. Disability bullying is that someone is treating badly because he or she is disabled. People usually bully cripples by making fun of their disability, laughing at them because they are disabled (â€Å"What is Bullying† 1/3). In addition to know about types of bullying, the roles of bullying are also necessary for students, parent and school to pay attention to. In bullying action, people can be classified into three groups by their actions. The first group is the bully. It includes bullying leader, followers or henchmen, supporters or passive bullies and passive supporters or possible bullies. The bullying leader is the one who starts bullying and leads other students to bully someone else. The followers or henchmen are the students who like to bully others and follow the bullying leader, but they are not the first one to bully. The supporters or passive bullies like bullying but do not take part in it. They usually enjoy watching and make people pay attention to the bullying. The passive supporters or possible bullies are students who like bullying, but they do not show their feeling of bullying to anyone. The second group is bystander. They are known as disengaged onlookers. They do not take any side of bullying. They do not like or hate it. They just watch and think the bullying is none of their business. The last group of bullying is the defender. The possible defenders are the students who hate bullying. They want to help the victims of bullying. However, they did not take any action. The defenders are the students who dislike bullying and try to do something which can help the students who are bullied (â€Å"What is Bullying† 2/3). Despite the roles of bullying, bullying has wide-ranging negative effects on the students who are bullied, students who bully, students who observe bullying, and schools. Because of bullying, the victims of bullying become depressed, lose self-esteem and have health problems. Their grades also start to fall down. The worst thing is some of them attempt suicide. Johnny tried to kill himself by over taking cool pills. Fortunately, his was rushed to the hospital in time (â€Å"Bullying: Words Can Kill†). Despite the damages of the bullying victims, the bullies usually have more troubles than other students. They fight frequently, steal other’s belongs, and drink alcohol and smoke. They usually have low grades at school. They can creative a negative climate at school. Some of them may bring weapons to school. According to a recent statistics from 2010, one out of every 20 students has seen someone bring a gun at school (â€Å"Bullying Statistics†). The witnesses of bullying will think school is a danger place. They have a feeling of fear when they see bullying. They are too frightened to help the victims of bullying and feel guilty for their actions. The bullies try to tempt them take part in bullying. By the effects of bullying, the climate of school becomes negative. If the school does not take any effective action, it will be not safe for the students anymore. Students may think that teachers and school administrations do not care about them and do not try to protect them from bullying. Then, students cannot study well in this environment. They are worried about their safety and feel unsafe at school (â€Å"What is Bullying† 3/3). Bullying seems difficult to be stopped. However, with the help of students, parents and school, it can decrease or be stopped. First of all, the students should report bullying to teachers or their parents as soon as possible. The students who are bullied can share their experience with other students. They can perform it as a play to let more students know about bullying. They can work as an anti-bullying group to talk about how to stop bullying, and help school develop protect principle and rules. In addition to stop bullying, parents also play important roles in it. They can communicate with their children and use their knowledge and experience to help their children. They can meet school administrators and give suggestions to school. The best way is parents volunteer in the bullying prevention at school. By volunteering with their children, parent can give a lot of courage to their children to fight bullying. John, Ryan’s father, tried his best to lead the Vermont Bully Prevention bill became a law (ACT117) in a short time after Ryan’s death (â€Å"About Us†). Beside students and parents, school also has responsibility for stopping bullying. School staff can create policies about stopping bullying and set up a special department to deal with bullying problems. School also can post anti-bullying messages around school area. Holding meetings for students, parents and teachers talk about bullying, school can inform the parent how the bullying prevention going (â€Å"Engage Parents Youth†). As has been demonstrated above, bullying among teenagers and preteenagers is an unavoidable problem which may lead its victims to committed suicide. In addition, bullying does not only affect on its victims but also has deep impact of bullies, observers and school. Indeed bullying can be categorized by why students bully or how students bully, and students play different roles in it. Therefore, students, parents and school try to work together in order to prevent students from being hurt by bullying. As Ryan committed suicide after a long time had been bullied, his father said â€Å"if we only knew, if he only told us† (â€Å"If We Only Knew† 1/3). People feel sorry about the students who are bullied. Those students do not know how to deal with bullying. They are lack of self-protect consciousness and afraid to tell other people. The school and parents should give more information to them and teach them how to flight against bullying. The government should also have set up a law to protect students from being bullying and punish the bullies. Let’s make the school to be a happy place again. Works Cited â€Å"About Us. † Ryan’s Story. Ryan’s Story Presentation LTD, 2010. Web. 17 March 2012. Allen, Jane. â€Å"Rutgers Suicide: Internet Humiliation Trauma for Teen. † ABCNews. ABC News Internet Ventures. Yahoo! -ABC News Network, 30 September 2010. Web. 10 March 2012. â€Å"Bullying Definition. † stopbullying. gov. U. S. Department of Health Services, 2010. Web. 27 March 2012. â€Å"Bullying Facts. † Prevnet Promoting Relationships and Elimination Violence. PREVNet, 2011. Web. 28 February 2012. â€Å"Bullying Statistics. † Bullying Statistics. Bullying Stastics- Stop Bullying, Harrassment, nd Violence, 2009. Web. 29. March 2012 â€Å"Bullying: Words Can Kill. † 48 Hours Mystery. Narr. Tracy Smith. CBS. 17 September. 2011. CBSNews. com . Web. 4 March. 2012. â€Å"Cyber Bullying Statistics. † Bullying Statistics. Bullying Stastics- Stop Bullying, Harrassment, and Violence, 2009. Web. 29. March 2012 â€Å"Engage Parents Youth. † stopbullying. gov. U. S. Department of Health Services, 2010. Web. 27 March 2012. â€Å"Gay Bullying Statistics. † Bullying Statistics. Bullying Stastics- Stop Bullying, Harrassment, and Violence, 2009. Web. 29. March 2012 If We Only Knew, If He Only Told Us. † Ryan’s Story. Ryan’s Story Presentation LTD, 2010. Web. 17 March 2012. â€Å"Rutgers Suicide: Internet Humiliation Trauma for Teen. † ABCNews. ABCNews. 30 September. 2010. ABCNews. go. com. Web. 10 March. 2012. â€Å"Sexual bullying in schools. † NSPCC Cruelty to children must stop. NSPCC, 2011. Web. 28 February 2012. â€Å"Vermont’s Bully Prevention Law-ACT 117. † Ryan’s Story. Ryan’s Story Presentation LTD, 2010. Web. 17 March 2012. â€Å"What is Bullying? † Olweus Bullying Prevention Program. Hazelden Foundation, 2011. Web. 28 February 2012. How to cite Bullying Prevention, Essay examples

Scarlet Letter By Hawthorne Essays (529 words) -

Scarlet Letter By Hawthorne The novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne was an objective description of the life of Hester Prynne, an adultress. The novel does not go into specific details of the thoughts of the woman except to describe the mien of her character. Throughout the novel she faces humiliation by the other people of Boston, but never loses her sense of pride. Hester Prynne suffers enormousely from the shame of her public disgrace and from the isolation of her punishment; however, she retains her self-respect and survives her punishment with dignity, grace, and ever-growing strength of character. From the moment Hester Prynne is introduced into the plot of The Scar- let Letter in chapter 2, "The Marketplace", the reader realizes how prideful she is. As an adultress, she is forced to endure ignominy by her peers and is doomed to have the letter A bound to her heart. When standing on the scaffold as pun- ishment for her sins, she never truly falters. She hold a three month old infant in her arms and attempts to cover her brand with the child. However, she realizes that the baby symbolizes her sin just as much as the letter, and decides it's pointless. Throughout many years of her life, Hester was considered an outcast by the people of her town. These repercussions are felt by her daughter, Pearl, as well, because she has no friends. They don't associate with others and some instances occurred when Puritan children would throw rocks at the two. During this time, Hester refuses to make publicly known the name of her child's father. To bear the weight of her punishment all alone made her even stronger. As her life progressed, Hester became less of an outcast in the public eye. She was gifted at embroidery and was charitable to those less fortunate than she. (Although Hester was a talented seamstress, she did not make as much money as she could have because she was not allowed to sew wedding dresses. This is obviously because she had committed sins that were supposed to be confined to the sanctity of marriage.) Seven years after she had stood on the scaffold as a criminal, her letter was thought by the people to mean "able" as opposed to "adultress". Some time after that the public changed their views of her again and she was thought of as "angel". Even though she wanted to rid herself of the letter, she knew she couldn't because she had to bear the consequences of her actions for the remainder of her life, or at the very least the rest of her life in Boston. In conclusion, Hester Prynne was a strong woman who possessed a great deal of integrity and strength. Her probity was manifested by the way she pro- jected herself, even when faced with public disgrace. On the outside, it would seem as though the letter did nothing to hurt her pride. The reader doesn't know what Hester felt internally, but he does know that she felt the brand of the letter deep in her heart, as if it had become a part of her. However, this did not affect how she carried herself. Hester Prynne always had a sense of pride, dignity, and self-respect that surrounded her being and told all who encountered her she was filled with probity.